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Nov. 20,1928. 1,692,557 H. R. MARSH METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR BURNING LIQUID FUEL Filed Aug. 20, 1926 S'Sheets-Sheet 1 Nov. 20, 19 28.

Filed Aug. 20, 1926 s Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR %4LMLZ I My- ATTORNEY Nov. 20, 1928.

H. R. MARSH METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR BURNING LIQUID FUEL Filed Aug. 20 1926 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Fly .4 11

3 i I l 1- I I 8 k 1.9 14

ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 20, 1928.

.. i o 1,692,557 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HERBERT R- MARSH, or PHILADELPHIA, PENN'sYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR or oNn-HAL '10 DANIEL F. RYAN, OI KIRKLYN, PENNSYLVANIA, MUTUAL TRUST COMPANY or PHILADELPHIA, nxEonToR or. sAfD DANIEL r. RYAN, DncEAsnnp METHOD olAND APPAflATUs FOR BURNING LIQUID FUEL.

Application filed August 20, 1926. serial :No; 130,374.

The object of this invention is to devise a novel method of and apparatus for burn ing liquid fuel in which a better commingling action of the oil and air is obtained and wherein provision is made for introducing into the burning gases, additional air in order to obtain complete combustion.

A further object-of my invention isto devise a novel method of and apparatus for burning liquid fuel wherein means are provided for preventing dead zones in the combustion chamber. 7

l/Vith the above and other objects in view as will hereinafter more clearly appear, my invention comprehends a novel method of and apparatus for burning liquid fuel.- I A It further comprehends-a novel construction of an oil burner having a novel construction and arrangement of a combustion chamber'into which the fuel and air'is Introduced in a novel manner, and in which a novel clrculation of the burning'gasesis effected.

It further comprehendsa novelconstruction and arrangement of a baffle for causing 26 the additional air introduced into the'combustion chamber to be highly heated and to have a definite direction of fiow in the combustion chamber.

It further comprehends a construction'and 30 arrangement for preventing the formation of dead zones in the combustion chamber.

Othernovel features of construction and arrangement will hereinafter more clearly appear in the detailed description and the appended claims.

For the purpose of illustrating the invention, I have shown "in the accompanying drawing, a typical embodiment of it, which,"

in practice will givesatisfactory and reliable 40 results. It is, however, to'be understood that this embodiment is typical only and that the various instrumentali-ties of which my invention consists can be variouslyarranged and organized, and the invention is not,

therefore, limited to the precise arrangement and organization of these instrumentali-ties as herein set forth.

5 Figure 1 is a top plan view of a liquid fuel. burner embodying my invention, and by the her in spaced; relationshlp Wlth the curved use of which my novel method can be carried out.

Figure 2 is a top plan viewsimilar to Figure 1 but having certain of the parts removed for the sake of clearness of ll-lustration.

The casing is provided with. base flanges 2,

which. are adapted to receive the customary fastening device'to secure the: casingto a suitable support. The casing isfprovided with an-air inlet 3, see more particularly Figure 3, which forms a commingling chamber for the fuel and-air and which is in communication with an air as of Figs pot and certain i duct 4, which leads'from a desired source of" air under pressure, such as for example, a blower.

frolna desired source of supply of liquid fuel supply, and this duct or pipe extends intothe commingling chamber, as best seen in 1 duct 5 will be received on a hot plate or flash Figure 3, so that the discharge from the fuel pan 6 having its top surface preferably of irregular contour or pocketechas indicated at 7 The discharge end of the fuel pipe is pref erably bent downwardly and cutaway at its;

top. ,7 I

The pockets as shown are formedby inter- I i 75 5 designates a fuel 'duct'or pipe which leads.

secting raised ribs, and the plate isvprefer ably inclined towards one end so that surplus oil can drain off.

Opposite sides of the hot plate "6 are provided with the upwardly extending flanges 8,

and the hot plate is secured in position above the bottom of the commingling chamber 3 by means of a desired number of fastening ,de-

vices 9. The flash 6 and its flanges 8. extend forwardly into the combustion chamber 10.

The wall of the combustion chamber 10 in proximity to the inner end of the hot plate 6 is curved inwardly as at 11 and extends for'-.

wardl'y substantially straight across the transverse diameter of the combustion cham- This baffle 12 extends preferably slightly above the top of the casing, as indicated, at 13, see Figure 3, and between the outer wall of this baffle 12 and the inner peripher of I the casing 1 is formed an air passage 14 avis upwardly inclined towards its discharge 'endas at 18, and this discharge outlet 17 opens by a port 19 located about the bottom of the combustion chamber 10.

The passage 14 is provided with a drain port 20 which communicates with a chamber 21 formed in the bottom of the casing 1, and

fromthis chamber 21 leads a conduit 22 which returns the surplus oil to a desired point of utilization.

It has been found in practice that, in some cases, a dead zone occurs in the combustion, chamber, or in other words a zone in which complete combustion does not take place, and, to overcome this, I provide a battle 23 in the form of a cone. I

It has been found by careful experimenting, that the best place for this cone, in the form of the invention illustrated, is near the center of the combustion chamber in the right hand inner .uadrant, viewed from the inlet to the combustion chamber, between the major longitudinal and transverse diameters of the casing 1.

The casing is provided with a cover 24 which covers the commingling Clltlll'll'JCl 3 and the combustion chamber 10, and above the chamber 10 this cover converges upwardly towards a discharge opening a The cover 24 carries posts 26 on which are mounted a bafile 27 in the form of a disc, and, while this baflie may be made of any suitable material, I have found that if it is made of carborundum very advantageous results can be'obtaincd.

In order to initially heat the hotplate, I

provide a pilot burner 28 to which leads a conduit 29 for the liquid fuel so that the hot plate is initially heated to a desired temperature.

It will be seen that the baiile l2 is eccentric at its outer end and its innerend is in such position that it divides the chamber 8, so that a portion of the air is diverted into the passage 14, passes around the greater portion of the wall of the combustion chamber, and during such travel becomes highly heated.

This auxiliary supply of air and fuel is discharged into the combustion chamber through the discharge port 19 so that it enters tion which is eccentric for apart of its travel and concentric for another art of its travel,

andthe flame issuing from t e burner around the battle formed by the carborundum disc is in the. form of a circular flame. 7

It will nowbe apparent to those skilled in this art that my novel method is carried out in practice as follows i The liquid fuel is fed through the iuelpipe 5 in any desired manner, for example by gravity or by a forced feed. The oil drops on the flash pan 6 which is initially heated by the pilot burner 28 so that the oil is vaporized.

After the burner has been runnin the pilot burner can beturned off and the l -lash pan is retained heated by heat derived from the oil burner the pot. The air under a desired pressure sweeps over the flash pan and comlningles with the vaporized fuel and enters the combustion chamber. The wall 11 defleets the commingled gases so that they travel in a path whichis first eccentric and then concentric of the combustion chamber.

At a desireddistance above the bottom of the combustion chamber, I introduce in the di rection of travel of the burning gases highly heated additional air so that the burning gases pass through and are commingled with a strata ofhighly heated air. l I thus provide suflicient oxygen at the proper temperature to enable a complete combustion 0 I have not deemed it necessary to illustrate and describe the automatic control of the fuel and of the air so that the requisite relative, proportions of air and fuel. are automatical The cone shaped In oil'burners of this character, the fire pot becomes intensely hot and a considerable amount of heat is lost b radiation. 1

Special attention is directed to the novel construction of the fire pot, it being seen that the combustible-content of. the fuel.

I employ an eccentrically disposed baliie lSU ters Patent, is

Itnot onlyllserves to highly heatthe air employed ,forthe secondary combustion in the combustion chamber, but it also serves tofinsulate the wall ofthe combustion chamber. I

It will be seen from Figure Bthat I also preferabiy provide a drain port 30 so that any oil which is not taken up and commingled with theair will .be returnedto a point of uti-' lizationl'throughthe chamber 21 and the conduit 22; 1

As illustrated in Figure 3 the flash'pan at the inlet end of thecominingling chamber 3 is higher than at its inner end or in other words it is inclined so that any surplus oil will be drained off. a

It willnow be apparent that Ihave devised a new .and useful method of and apparatus for burning liquid fuel which embodies the features of advantage enumeratedas desirable in the statement of the invention andthe above description, and that while I have, in

the present instance, shown and described a preferred embodiment thereof which will give in practice satisfactory and-reliable re sults, it: is to be understood that this embodiment is susceptible of modification'in various of its advantages; y

Having thus described my invention-what I claim asnew and desire to secure by Let- 1. The method of burning liquid fuel, which consists invaporizing the-fuel, comn'iingling the fuel with air, causlng the commingled gases to travel in a path which is first eccentric and then concentric relatively to a combustion chamber, and introducing into the combustion chamber above the commingled gases in proximity to the fuel and air inlet and in the direction of flow of gases in the combustion chamber a stratum of highly heated air and fuel through which the commingled gases pass to their discharge outlet.

2. The method of burning liquid fuel, which consists in vaporizing the fuel and commingling it with air, causing the commingled gases to travel in a combustion chamber in a path which is eccentric and then concentric relatively to a combustion chamber, diverting a portion of the air and fuel and highly heating it, and then introducing it into the combustion chamber in proximity to the fuel and air inlet to cause it to travel in a path which is eccentric and then concentric relatively to the combustion chamber.

3. The method of burning liquid fuel, which consists in vaporizing the .fuel and commingling it with air, causing the commingled gases to travel in a combustion chamber in a path which is eccentric relatively to a combustion chamber, diverting a portion of the commingled gases and causing them to travel in a reverse direction; to that of the gases in the combustion chamber around. said combustion chamber to receive heat therefrom, introducing the highly heated gases into the inlet portion of the combustion chamber above the bottom thereof and causing them to travel in thecombustion- I enter said chamber in proximity to the fuel and air inletin the same direction as the flow of the commingled fuel and air. i

In an oil burner, a casinghaving interconnecting commingling and combustion chambers, with an air lnlet and a fuel inlet to said commingling chamber, a hot plate in the commingling chamberand extending into the coi'nbustion chamber, and an eccentric battle in said casing. forming a wall Ofsaid I combust on chamber and an a1r passage communicating with said a1r inlet and'reverselyh directed at its discharge, end which latter is in proximity to the inlet to chamber. a v

6. Inan oil burner, a casing having interconnecting commingling and combustion said combustion chambers, withan air inlet and a fuel inlet to said commingling chamber, a hot plate in the commingling chamber and extending into the combustion chamber, and an eccentric battle in said casing forming a wall of said combustion chamber, and an air passage communicating With said air inlet and reversely directed at its discharge end which latter is in proximity to the inlet to said combustion chamber, and an oil drain leading from said air passage.

7 In an oil burner, a casing having a com mingling chamber and a combustion chamber with a fuel inlet and an air inlet to said commingling chamber, a baflie forminga Wall of said combustion chamber, and contributing to form apassage communicating with said commingling chamber, extending around said combustion chamber and communicating with it near its inner'end, and a cone shaped baffle in said combustion chamber to define the flow of gases therein.

8. In an oil burner, a casing having a commingling chamber and a combustion chamber with a fuel inlet and an air inlet to said commingling chamber, a bafiie forming a wall of said combustion chamber, and cone tributing to form a passage communicating with said commingling chamber, extending around said combustion chamber and communicatin with it near its inner end, a cone shaped ba e in said combustion chamber to define the flow of gases therein, a cover for said chambers having a discharge outlet, and a baflie above said outlet.

. 9. In an oil burner, a casing havin inter communicating commingling and comb for said commingling chamber, an eccentrically disposed baffle forming a wall of said combustion chamber and forming a passage surrounding the greater portion of said combustion chamber and communicating with the inlet end of said commingling chamber,

and reversely directed at its discharge end and opening into the inlet portion of said posed batlle forming a wallof its combustion chamber and contributing to form the wall of an air passage which surrounds the greater portion of the combustion chamber and discharges into it in proximity to said fuel and air inlet in the direction of flow of gases in said combustion chamber.

'11. In a fuel oil burner, the combination with a combustion chamber and a vaporized oil conduit communicating therewith, of means for introducing vaporized oil under ustion chambers, with a fuel inlet and an air inlet pressure into the combustion chamber through the conduit means for dividing the stream of vaporized oil admitted into the combustion chamber into two substantially concentric streams, and imparting a swirling motion to each stream.

12. In a fuel oil burner, the combination with a substantially cylindrical combustion chamber havin a flat bottom and an open top, of means or introducing vaporized oil into the combustion chamber under ressure, an inner partition wall of substantlally circular form extending around the interior of the combustion chamber and spaced apart from the chamber wall to constitute a substantially circular assage having an entrance into the com ustionchamber at one end thereof, a vaporized fuel supply element extending in a radial direction from the combustion chamber, the vaporized oil being in troduced thereinto through such element, means whereby the vaporized oil is divided into two streams, one of which enters the combustion chamber, the other of which'enters 1 the passage, a vertical wall partially extending across the entrance from the oil supply element to the combustion chamber in order to direct the flow of vaporized oil entering the combustion chamber against the circular wall thereof, and a substantiallylongitudinally directed vane positioned upon one side of the entrance from the passage to the combustion chamber as a meansfor directing the flow of vapor from the passage into and with the swirl of vapor in the combustion chamber.

HERBERT R. MARSH. 

